LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, a 37-amino acid peptide cleaved from the precursor protein hCAP18 by proteinase 3. It is a key component of the innate immune system, produced by neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial cells, and mast cells in response to infection. LL-37 directly kills bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses through membrane disruption, while also modulating immune cell recruitment, wound healing, and inflammatory signaling. It represents a naturally occurring antibiotic peptide that pathogens have difficulty developing resistance to due to its membrane-targeting mechanism.
Quick Start
Route
SubQ injection
Start low
25 mcg SubQ
Frequency
Daily or as needed
Timing
No fasting required
Can be taken any time. Short courses (2-4 weeks) for infections. Pin alone or with limited safe compounds only.
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Start here. Every protocol below is ordered lowest-first. Begin at the smallest effective dose, hold about a week to assess tolerance, and step up only if needed.
Tiered Protocols · lowest first
Tolerance Test Dose
25 mcg · SubQ · Daily
anecdotal
First-exposure test dose. LL-37 is a mast cell degranulator; assess for flushing, itching, wheal or hypotension before escalating.
25 mcg
Daily
Expert
Antimicrobial / Biofilm Disruption
100-200 mcg · SubQ · Daily
in vitro · Overhage et al. 2008 (Infect Immun, 76:4176-4182)
Used aggressively in the community for Lyme disease or chronic viral/bacterial infections. Highly painful injection. One human study injected LL-37 directly into skin tumours in 4 people (NCT02225366). Nothing has tested it as a systemic antimicrobial in humans, so the antibacterial and biofilm evidence remains laboratory only. The study cited here is laboratory cell research. A concentration in a dish is not a dose, so this amount is community practice rather than a trial result.
100-200 mcg
Daily
Reconstitution CalculatorU-100
050100u
Draw to
— units
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01
How it works
LL-37 adopts an amphipathic alpha-helical structure that inserts into microbial membranes, creating pores that disrupt membrane integrity and kill pathogens. This mechanism is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. Beyond direct killing, LL-37 recruits immune cells to infection sites (chemotaxis), modulates inflammatory cytokine production, neutralizes bacterial endotoxin (LPS), promotes angiogenesis and wound healing, and disrupts bacterial biofilms that protect chronic infections.
02
What to expect
Early
Days 1–7
Days 1-7: Immune augmentation begins. Most relevant during active infection.
Each reference below was re-fetched from its PubMed record, and the quoted sentence was
confirmed to appear in that abstract and to support the claim it sits under. Follow any of
them to read the source.
Evidence boundary from the checked abstract: LL-37 also stimulates the migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
LL-37 also stimulates the migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Evidence scope. This entry supports only the exact statement quoted from the live abstract; it does not independently verify OnePin's displayed dose, route, frequency, formulation, population, or broader mechanism.
Claims we could not support
No abstract we checked supports these for this molecule at this route. That is not the
same as saying they are false — it marks where the evidence is missing.
Dose/route: 25 mcg; SubQ injection; Daily or as needed. No checked live PubMed abstract verified this exact displayed dose, route, and frequency for the same molecule/formulation and relevant population.
Primary safety claim: No primary safety text present in source JSON. No checked live PubMed abstract directly verified this source-JSON safety claim at the displayed formulation, route, and regimen.
04
The honest take
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Natural antibiotic
Confirmed. LL-37 directly kills pathogens through membrane disruption. Resistance development is difficult because mechanism targets fundamental membrane structure.
Biofilm disruption
Supported
Confirmed in vitro and animal models. Relevant for chronic infections with biofilm component.
05
Interactions & stacking
Two different questions: what is documented about running these together, and what is documented about drawing them into the same syringe. A good pharmacological partner can still have to be pinned separately.
Documented together
BPC-157LL-37 antimicrobial + BPC tissue repair
TB-500LL-37 antimicrobial + TB systemic repair
GHK-CuNon-overlapping mechanisms
KPVLL-37 antimicrobial + KPV anti-inflammatory
Keep separate
CJC-1295 with DACDAC maleimide reactivity concern.
Check any specific pair in the Stack & Interaction Checker, which answers both questions separately. Absence of a documented conflict is not evidence of safety.
06
Side effects & safety
Commonly reported
Injection site irritation
Mild redness
Less common & notes
LL-37 is endogenously produced.
At high concentrations, antimicrobial peptides can theoretically be cytotoxic to host cells.
Stick to standard dosing ranges.
07
Pharmacokinetics
Illustrative plasma concentration · 2.1 h
Half-life
0.5h
Peak · Tmax
0.15h
Elimination
2.5h
Bioavailability
~100%
SubQ
Duration of action
6-12 hours
Antimicrobial and immune signaling effects
Clearance
Enzymatic degradation (proteases at site of action)
Storage. Standard BAC water 2-8C. Stable for 28 days. Protect from light.
08
Regulatory status
Not FDA-approved as injectable. Available as research peptide. WADA status not specifically listed.
Put it to work
Calculate, log & track
Open LL-37 straight into OnePin with your vial and dose pre-filled, then let it handle the syringe math and remind you before the vial runs out.